Name 5 rheumatic conditions that are associated with HIV.
- Diffuse infiltrative lymphocytosis syndrome (a Sjogren-like syndrome characterized by parotid swelling and sicca)
- Polymyositis
- Seronegative arthritis
- Painful articular syndrome: (Severe articular pain with no inflammatory signs, lasting less than 24 hours.)
DILS, seronegative arthritis and the painful articular syndrome are seen much less frequently since the advent of HAART. Post-HAART, rheumatic complications of medication use have been of greater concern. These complications include:
- Osteoporosis
- Osteonecrosis
- ARV-associated myopathy
- Drug-related rhabdomyolysis
- Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome
Septic joints do not appear to occur more frequently among patients with HIV. The most common organism affecting the joints in both HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients is S. aureus. However, HIV-positive patients are more likely than other patients to develop joint infections due to unusual organisms, such as fungi.
